Τεχνικός Υπολογιστών CompTIA A+

A connector with more pins or holes on the top side than the bottom so that a cable inserts in only one direction. Examples include older parallel, serial, and video ports.

Users access a virtual desktop that is managed by another company or for which the equipment is located elsewhere. This would simply be the computer in a virtual environment so that the company that uses this service does not have to worry about software licenses, technicians to maintain operating system updates, and backups. A virtual desktop also includes a virtual network interface card (NIC), or virtual NIC.

A security measure that applies security based on the group to which an object belongs.

The universal search tool built in the macOS Launcher bar. It searches local content as well as Internet sources, all of which can be enabled or disabled simply by opening up Dash.

A serial device setting for how many bits make up a data word.

Layer 2 of the OSI model, which accurately transfers bits across the network by encapsulating (grouping) them into frames (usable sections).

A security concern about whether measures are implemented that protect data being transmitted or stored.

Also called Data Sources ODBC (open database connectivity), a programming interface that allows applications to access data from a database.

The value of a variable is stored in the computer’s memory as a specific type of data. The number of data types vary from language to language but are normally some variation of numeric or alphanumeric value. The data type of a variable determines how much space is allotted in memory for the variable’s value and determines what operations can be done with that data.

A male port on very old motherboards and some networking equipment. Also known as a serial or RS-232 port.

A male port on older motherboards, networking equipment, and projectors. Also known as a serial or RS-232 port.

A cloud-based service that allows a provider to host, organize, and manage stored data for a company (not strictly data storage, but handling one or more databases).

An area of a disk that contains system files.

The type of power a computer needs to operate.

In Linux, an advanced command line interface command that copies and converts files.

A type of security attack in which several computer systems are used to attack a network or device with the intent of preventing access such as to a web server.

A memory technology in which the data was clocked on both the rising and falling edges of a clock signal to double the amount of data that could be transferred.

A type of volatile memory that used DDR technology.

An upgrade to the DDR SDRAM standard that sometimes is called DDR2 RAM. It includes the following modules: DDR2-400, DDR2-533, DDR2-667, DDR2-800, and DDR2-1000. DDR2 uses 240-pin DIMMs and is not compatible with DDR; however, the higher-end (faster) DDR2 modules are backward compatible with the slower DDR2 modules.

An upgrade from DDR2 for speeds up to 1,600 MHz that better supports dual-core and quad-core processor-based systems.

Operates at a lower voltage and faster speeds than DDR3 and lower modules.

A pixel on an LCD monitor that does not illuminate. Displays commonly have one or more of these.

A decision (or selection) structure consisting of a test condition together with one or more groups (or blocks) of statements. The result of the test condition determines which block of statements will be executed.

To create a variable in a script, it must be declared. The exact syntax of how to do this is known as a variable declaration.

In DVD drives, hardware or software that converts MPEG-2 video to readable images.

The IP address of a Layer 3 device, such as a router, that is directly connected to its immediate network. It tells a device on its network where to send a packet destined for a remote network.

When a computer can use multiple printers, the one printer that all applications use by default. A computer user can change the printer to a different one through the Print dialog window. To mark a printer as default, right-click the printer icon and click the Set as Default option.

The Windows command line command that starts the defragmentation process of reordering and placing files in contiguous sectors for better performance.

To reorder files in contiguous clusters on the hard drive.

See defragment.

A process of reordering and placing files in contiguous sectors.

A device that demagnetizes monitors. Also called a degaussing coil.

A command issued from a command prompt that deletes a file or folder.

A part inside a laser printer’s toner cartridge that controls the amount of toner released to the drum.

Software-based and hardware-based security measures to prevent malicious software from executing in specific memory locations.

The interface between the user and the applications, files, and hardware, which is part of the graphical user interface environment. It is the area in which all work is performed.

A laser printer process in which toner is attracted to the laser printer drum.

A component inside a laser printer’s toner cartridge that applies a static charge to the toner so that it will be attracted to the drum. Sometimes called a developing roller.

Special software that allows an operating system to access a piece of hardware.

A Windows program that views and configures hardware.

A Windows Control Panel used to view, install, remove, and manage wired and wireless devices.

A Microsoft-provided set of network services that allow easy access to network shares.

A method to automatically assign IP addresses to network devices from a pool of IP addresses. DHCP uses ports 67 and 68.

One or more IP addresses set aside for specific network devices like routers, switches, and printers that need an IP address that does not change.

Software configured on a network server or router that issues IP addresses from its pool of numbers upon request to a network device.

A type of connection in which one modem calls another modem.

A network formed by using a modem that connects to the traditional phone network. The modem connects to a remote network device.

A window used by the operating system that allows user interaction to set preferences on various software parameters.

A brute-force security attack that tries to determine a password by using words in a dictionary in order to gain access to data.