IT Glossary


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G

game controller

A device used to play games and control items or characters within the game.

game pad

A device that attaches to a USB port and interacts with games.

gaming PC

A computer design that includes a powerful processor, high-end video or specialized GPU, an SSD, a good sound card, and high-end cooling due to the demands placed on hardware when playing computer-based games.

garbled characters

A printed output indication that the printer cable is not securely attached or a print driver problem exists.

gateway

An IP address assigned to a network device that tells the device where to send a packet that is going to a remote network. Also known as a default gateway or a gateway of last resort.

Gb

An abbreviation for gigabit.

GB (gigabyte)

An abbreviation for gigabyte.

GDDR (graphics double data rate)

A type of memory used on video cards.

GDI (graphics device interface)

A part of Windows that allows graphics and text to be formatted so it can be output to different devices, such as a monitor or printer.

GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)

A European Union (EU) security standard developed to protect individuals and firms within the EU.

generic credentials

Authorizations provided by applications such as OneDrive or Xbox Live to an operating system like Windows.

geotracking

The ability to track where a GPS-capable mobile device, such as a cell phone, is located. Companies can also use geotracking to locate lost or stolen mobile devices.

gestures

On a touch device, finger motions (swipe, pinch, tap, spread, and so on) used to manipulate applications or features.

ghost cursor

A situation in which the pointer moves across the screen even if no one is touching the input device. Commonly caused by improper touchpad sensitivity settings, outdated drivers, or malware.

ghost image

A burn-in; an image seen on a display screen when an LCD or a plasma display has been left on for too long.

gigabyte

Approximately 1 billion bytes of information (exactly 1,073,741,824 bytes); abbreviated GB.

gigahertz

1 billion cycles per second (1 GHz). Expresses the speed of a processor.

glasses

Wearable mobile device.

gloves

Latex, nonlatex, neoprene, or vinyl protection for hands when working on electronic equipment.

GNSS

Global Navigation Satellite System



Google Play

A feature on Android devices that enables users to purchase applications.

Google/Inbox

An email option for mobile devices.

GParted

Bundled with Ubuntu, a disk management tool that allows the creation, deletion, and resizing of partitions on a physical disk.

gpresult

A command that displays Group Policy settings. A Group Policy determines how a computer is configured for both system and user (or a group of users) settings.

GPS (Global Positioning System)

A satellite-based navigation system that transmits location information to receivers in mobile devices. Most mobile devices have GPS capability.

GPS not functioning

In this situation, check reception, ensure GPS is on the device, ensure GPS is enabled, and try turning the device off and back on again.

GPT (GUID [globally unique identifier] partition table)

A type of partition table available in 64-bit Windows editions. GPTs can have up to 128 partitions and volumes up to 18EB.

GPU (graphics processing unit)

A video adapter processor that assists in video communication between the video adapter and the system processor. Also known as video processor, video coprocessor, or video accelerator.

gpupdate

A command used to refresh local and Active Directory–based Group Policy settings.

graphic/CAD/CAM design workstation

A powerful computer system utilized by design engineers or graphic designers. It usually has multicore processors, high-end video cards with maximum GPU and video RAM, large displays, a large-capacity hard drive and SSD, and maximum system RAM. Uses output devices such as scanner, plotter, or 3D printer.

graphical interface fails to load

A Windows startup problem in which startup files are missing or corrupt or there are hardware problems.

grep

A common Linux utility that searches output for a specified term.

grounding

Also called grounding out, occurs when the motherboard or adapter is not installed properly and has a trace touching the computer frame.

Group Policy

A type of security policy applied in a network domain environment. The policy dictates what a set of users can do.

GRUB (Grand Unified Boot Loader)

A Linux bootloader that generally replaces the earlier LILO bootloader. It contains all information about how a disk is organized, such as the size and layout of partitions. The latest version is called GRUB2.

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)

An older worldwide cellular network standard previously used in Europe and other places (and still used in some countries).

GUI (graphical user interface)

In operating systems, an interface in which the user selects files, programs, and commands by clicking pictorial representations (icons) rather than typing commands at a command prompt.

GUID (globally unique identifier)

A unique number used by a Windows operating system to keep track of specific items being used or controlled by the OS.

gyroscope

A technology used in mobile devices that measures and maintains screen orientation. Used with an accelerometer so that a mobile device can be turned and the screen orientation also turns.