IT Glossary

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L

L1 cache

Fast memory located inside the processor.

L2 cache

Fast memory located inside the processor housing but not inside the processor.

L3 cache

Any fast cache memory installed on the motherboard when both L1 and L2 cache are on the processor. Could also be located inside the processor housing.

LAN (local area network)

A group of devices sharing resources in a single area, such as a room or a building.

laptop docking station

A device used to provide increased connectivity such as one or more displays, wired network connectivity, full-sized keyboard, mouse, and so on.

laser lens

A component of the optical drive that reads the data from the optical disc; susceptible to dust accumulation. Also known as an objective lens.

laser printer

A type of printer that produces output using an imaging process similar to a copier. Laser printers are the most expensive type of printer.

laser printer maintenance kit

A kit that may include a separation pad, pickup roller, transfer roller, charge roller, and fuser assembly, depending on the vendor.

Last Known Good Configuration

Used when the Windows 7 configuration has been changed by adding hardware or software that is incompatible with the operating system or when an important service has been accidentally disabled.

latency

In networking, the amount of delay experienced as a packet travels from source to destination.

launcher

A dock-like shortcut bar that allows manipulation of the graphical user interface (GUI) so that multiple apps and/or commands are easily deployed. It has the functionality of being an application launcher shortcut as well as having a universal search feature built-in to it.

Launchpad

A macOS application launcher shortcut.

LBA (logical block addressing)

A technology used with hard drives so that chunks of data can be stored and then located.

LC (Lucent Connector)

A type of connector used with fiber-optic cable.

LC fiber connector

A connector commonly used with fiber-optic cable, often manufactured by Lucent.

LCD (liquid crystal display)

A video technology used with laptops and flat screen monitors. The two basic types of LCD are passive matrix and active matrix.

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

A networking protocol that is used to access, maintain, and distribute directory and database-type information. LDAP uses port 389.

LED (light-emitting diode)

A video output technology that is a low-power, low-heat, long-lasting electronic device using liquid crystals.

legacy system

An outdated computer system or piece of network equipment that needs to be replaced or updated.

less

A common macOS and Linux command that shows the contents of a file.

Li-ion battery

A lithium battery, which is light and can hold a charge for a long period of time; found in cell phones and portable devices such as cameras.

library

Windows storage that is similar to a folder but that is automatically indexed for faster searching.

lifting technique

When lifting equipment, remember to use your legs and not your back.

light switch

A smart IoT device that can be programmed, motion-activated, and controlled by voice or an app.

Lightning port

An Apple port/cable used to connect displays and external drives. Commonly used to connect Apple mobile devices like iPhones and iPads to host computers and USB battery chargers.

limited connectivity

An error condition in which Internet connectivity is lost.

line conditioner

A device that protects a computer from overvoltage and undervoltage conditions as well as adverse noise conditions. Also known as a power conditioner.

line-of-sight wireless Internet service

In WiMAX wireless networks, the between-towers connection that travels from WiMAX tower to WiMAX tower to provide Internet connectivity in remote areas. Also called line-of-sight backhaul.

link-local address

A type of IPv6 address assigned to a NIC. It is used to communicate on a particular network and cannot be used to communicate with devices on a different network.

Linux

Released in 1991 by developer Linus Torvalds, a widely used operating system platform that is similar to Unix. It is a free open source operating system that anyone can use, contribute to, and modify. It is widely used in many different areas of technology, such as servers, desktops, embedded systems, and smartphones.

liquid cooling

An alternative to a fan or sink for processor cooling. Liquid is circulated through the system, and heat from the processor is transferred to the cooler liquid.

live tile

A Windows 8/8.1/10 feature that allows the content within to change, such as a news headline feed.

load alternate third-party driver

Part of the Windows installation process that a technician must download drivers for hardware such as a RAID controller before starting the installation process.

load balancers

They can be deployed to distribute client requests across server nodes in a farm or pool. You can use a load balancer in any situation where you have multiple servers providing the same function. Examples include web servers, email servers, web conferencing servers, and streaming media servers. The load balancer is placed in front of the server network and distributes requests from the client network or Internet to the application servers. The service address is advertised to clients as a virtual server. This is used to provision high availability services that can scale from light to heavy loads.

local administrator

A user account that has full power over a Windows-based computer. A local administrator can install hardware and software; uses all the administrative tools; creates and deletes hard drive partitions or volumes; and creates, deletes, and manages local user accounts.

local connectivity

Describes devices on the same network, including the default gateway. Pinging devices on the same network is a good check of local connectivity.

local resources

Can refer to network devices on the same network or resources within a company such as network shares, printers, and email.

local security policy

Security rules that can be applied to a computer.

local share

Something such as a printer, folder, or disc that has been made available across a network.

local storage

Saving data locally on a DVD, CD, flash drive, or internal/external hard drive.

Local Users and Groups

A Windows tool used to create and manage accounts for those who use the computer or computer resources from a remote network computer. These accounts are considered local users or local groups and are managed from the computer being worked on. In contrast, domain or global users and groups are administered by a network administrator on a network server.

locate

A macOS command that searches for a file in a database of paths. Commonly used subsequently to update, which is a command used to update a local database on the system that contains the full pathname of each file.

locator app

Software used to pinpoint where a mobile device can be found.

log entries and error messages

When troubleshooting problems related to motherboards, RAM, CPUs, and power, pay attention to any error messages displayed. Use the Windows Advanced Boot Options window to select Enable Boot Logging and examine the ntbtlog.txt file. Also consider viewing logs in the Windows Event Viewer Application and System logs.

logical drive

A division of an extended partition into separate units, which appear as separate drive letters.

logical operator

Used in scripting to allow for two or more conditions to be tested in one statement. Examples of logical operators include AND, NOT, and OR.

logical partition

A division of an extended partition. A logical partition can be assigned a drive letter, formatted, and used for storage.

login script

A set of tasks that run when a user logs in when the device is part of a Windows domain.

logon script

See login script.

logon time restriction

A network setting that restricts when the network user can log in to the domain.

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