IT Glossary


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O

OCR (optical character recognition)

A technology used to convert an image into text. It is commonly used with scanners.

octa-core

An eight-core processor.

ODD (optical disc drive)

A collective term for CD, DVD, and BD because they use optical discs that are read from, written to, or both.

OEM (original equipment manufacturer)

The original producer of a product. That product is bought by a company that rebrands or sells the part or computer under its own name.

off-site email application

A common cloud-based technology in which the company email server is located in a remote site or provided by a cloud-hosted email provider.

ohm

A measurement of electrical resistance.

OLED (organic LED)

Display screen technology used in many monitors, TV’s, and mobile devices today. It does not require a backlight like LCDs but has a film of organic compounds placed in rows and columns that can emit light. Ii is lightweight and has a fast response time, low power usage, and a wide viewing angle.

omnidirectional antenna

A type of antenna that has a radiation pattern in all directions.

on-demand

24/7 access from anywhere and possibly any device.

onboard NIC (BIOS/UEFI)

An option in the BIOS, UEFI, or settings used to configure the network interface, whether it be wired or wireless.

onboard video card

Video circuits built into the motherboard that support the video port.

OneDrive

Microsoft’s cloud storage solution.

open authentication

Used in wireless networks; allows a wireless device to send a frame to the access point with the sender’s identity (MAC address).

open source

Software that allow vendors to use the core source code and the ability to customize the software, such as, Google Android or Linux.

operating system (OS)

A piece of software that loads a computer and makes it operational.

optical disc (boot option)

A boot method that uses a CD, DVD, or Blu-ray disc that has an operating system on it.

optical drive

A storage device that accepts optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, or BDs that have data, music, video, or software applications.

Optimize and Defragment

A Windows tool accessed with the Defragment button or through the defrag command. It is used to put files in contiguous clusters on the hard drive for better performance.

OR operator

Returns false if and only if both sides of the expression are false.

orientation

The way in which a document or screen is presented: portrait versus landscape.

OS

See operating system.

OS not found

An issue when the boot order in the BIOS/UEFI is incorrect, the hard drive does not contain an operating system, or there is an issue with the drive that contains the operating system being recognized by the computer.

OS X

An older Apple operating system family replaced by macOS.

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

A division of the U.S. Department of Labor that promotes safe and healthy working conditions by enforcing standards and providing workplace safety training.

OSI model (Open Systems Interconnect model)

A standard for information transfer across a network that was developed by the International Standards Organization. The model has seven layers; each layer uses the layer below it, and each layer provides some function to the one above it.

output

In programming or scripting, the result, which could be a screen, a value, a computation, a printed document, and so on.

overclocking

Manually changing the front side bus speed and/or multiplier to increase CPU and system speed, but at a cost of increasing the CPU operating temperature. Overclocking a CPU may void the manufacturer’s warranty.

overheat shutdown

Causes artifacts on the display screen and/or the system to power off. In this situation, check the GPU or video adapter for overheating; check the power supply for adequate power output; and check the CPU fan, case fans, and motherboard.

overheating

On a mobile device, power off the device and let it cool. See if you can determine if a specific spot is getting hotter than other places. Check the battery and replace it, if necessary.

oversized images and icons

This situation may indicate an issue with the video driver or the resolution.

overvoltage

A condition when the AC voltage is over the rated amount of voltage.

ozone filter

A part of a laser printer that filters out the ozone produced by the printer.